First, regarding the graphic card driver, don’t believe Windows Update. Go directly to AMD site and check there for the latest driver.
Interesting/odd your Win 7 machine is having the same systems as reported by others using Win 10.
As you seemed to have ID’d the specific Windows update, you can check if you can uninstall those naughty VC++ 14 updates through Control Panel > System and Security > Windows Update > View installed updates. The specific VC14++ may be listed unless it was integrated into some other Windows update.
Unfortunately you cannot directly access info about specific Windows updates through the above mentioned Windows Update dialog. You could Google the update number or go directly to Microsoft Update Catalog and look it up there.
At least you still have Win 7 and aren’t forced to automatically update everything Windows suggests. I have opted to monitor all recommended and optional updates via Control Panel > System and Security > Windows Update > Turn automatic updating on or off. There I chose the option to Check for updates but let me choose where to download and install them. When notified of pending updates there’s also the option to look up what all the pending updates include.
Keep track of your troubleshooting uninstalls in case you need to go to Microsoft to download fresh copies of what you removed. MS has released buggy versions of VC++ in the past and patches for the buggy patches on occasion have not been added to the automatic update list.
You also could try downloading a fresh download of the latest version of VC++14 from MS, uninstall VC++14 from your machine and reinstall the fresh VC++14 patch. For good measure, reboot before reinstalling.