OpenGL is a critical part of SketchUp’s graphical display. Among other things it helps to create the shading for the appearance of 3D. You can read about OpenGL and get more than you need to know.
Turning off fast feedback is an option to help compensate for inadequate graphics cards like your Intel HD 520.
As for the issue you were having, likely Microsoft pushed and automatic update to your computer which broke the graphics drivers for your Intel graphics adapter. Unfortunately Microsoft has a history of doing this and it’ll probably happen again.
Folks who have computers with Nvidia graphics rarely if ever have problems although some have reported that Microsoft updates have automatically made the integrated Intel adapter the default and they’ve had to reset back to the Nvidia card. That seems to very, very rare, however.