Suppose this truly is a bug, should not the OP get the proper Badge?
Another User had reported a bug which got filed and numbered and all, but did not get a badge, in fact, there are only 5 forum users with that badge:
That could be a misunderstanding. There exist a lot more custom badges that are not actually granted by the forum software. Some are insider groups. I understand it that bug catcher’s daily job is catching bugs.
But as you mention it, you also touch an interesting question:
Should there be an official way to report bugs (public bug tracker)?
Currently the bug tracker is internal, and only Ruby API bugs are collected publicly.