Does SketchUp Save a Temp file anywhere on local disk (other than Autosave)?

Unfortunately you may be out of luck. There were some changes made with SketchUp 2019 (see this thread) That, had you been using SU2019, might have helped but I think with SU2017 there’s not much hope. If nothing has been done to the drive since the IT guy worked on it, it might be possible for a data recovery service to do something.