I believe what your seeing is the attempt to install the Microsoft C++ Runtime package.
You can go to Microsoft download, and install this component separately.
This is page for Windows versions < 10 (8.1, 8, 7, Vista, & older)
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=53840
#Then be sure you have installed update KB2999226:
The same goes for the Microsoft .NET 4.5.2 Framework install.
This is page for Windows versions < 10 (8.1, 8, 7, Vista, & older)
https://www.microsoft.com/en-in/download/details.aspx?id=42642
I think the Windows 10 would come with these already installed, and Windows Update should have kept them updated.
Then reboot, then try the SketchUp install again, (being sure to right-click and “Run as administrator”.)