How to identify the front and the back of a face?

The order of the vertices in outer loop of the face determining the face normal. (Or the other way around, they are closely related)
The face have a front side and back side. The normal vector of face is perpendicular to face and show the front direction.

There is no “definition” for reversed. The mentioning of “reversed” is relative, however you can reverse! the face if you do not like how it is oriented…

You can study something like this:

#create an edge representing a face normal
#  at first vertex of face
def add_normal(ent, face)
  pt_face = face.vertices[0].position
  pt_norm = pt_face.offset(face.normal)
  ent.entities.add_edges(pt_face, pt_norm)
end

def add_faces  
  model = Sketchup.active_model
  ents = model.active_entities
  pt0 = [0, 0, 0]
  pt1 = [1, 1, 0]
  pt2 = [0, 2, 2]
  
  #add face to separate group in order pt0-pt1-pt2
  gr0_2 = ents.add_group
  face_pt0_2 = gr0_2.entities.add_face(pt0, pt1, pt2)
  gr0_2.entities.add_text "face_pt0_2", pt2
  add_normal(gr0_2, face_pt0_2)
  gr0_2.name = "gr0_2"
  
  #add face to separate group in order pt2-pt1-pt0
  gr2_0 = ents.add_group
  face_pt2_0 = gr2_0.entities.add_face(pt2, pt1, pt0)
  gr2_0.entities.add_text "face_pt2_0", pt2
  add_normal(gr2_0, face_pt2_0)
  gr2_0.name = "gr2_0"
  
  # move the gr2_0 group a little to see...
  vector = Geom::Vector3d.new(0, 2, 0)
  tr = Geom::Transformation.translation(vector)
  ents.transform_entities(tr, gr2_0)
end
add_faces