Yes, but not with SketchUp’s Ruby API, which is only exposed by the SketchUp executable.
You’d have to use the SketchUp C API.
Either you’d …
- Write your utility in C and compile it as a standalone CLI utility
… or…
- Try using the Ruby Standard
Fiddle
library to have a Ruby script access your folder of SKP files and make the changes.
There are several topic threads in the SDK category on attribute dictionaries.
… and some in Issue Tracker comments …